Whether in industrial fluids, fuels, biopharmaceuticals, or advanced materials, understanding particle behavior is fundamental to performance and quality. Image-based particle analysis has become ...

Physics is the search for and application of rules that can help us understand and predict the world around us. Central to physics are ideas such as energy, mass, particles and waves. Physics attempts ...

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising but still miss feasible and reliable general decoding methods. Here, the authors present a decoding graph transformation which results into an ...